The argument presented by the swiss philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau on humans is that he genuinely believes that people are well-behaved, respectful, and all in all genuinely good. However, this is tainted by third party factors (such as society's demands and influences, which can lead to a more careless and selfish behaviour).

He affirmed that, in a completely natural setting, humans will always prioritize what's best for everyone instead of what's best for themselves, but given the situations they're put in on a daily basis due to society's restraints, this hypothesis differs from reality.

He also tries to emphasize the difference between artificial and natural self-love, and how these can have a completely different impact on ourselves moving forward. He says that, while artificial self-love is only possible from comparing yourself to others and being competitive in general - which could lead to feelings like envy, for example -, natural self-love has a lot more to do with our natural instincts and feelings of self-preservation and care.

A good example of artifical self-love is social media. People that are spending all their time in it tend to have more frivolous desires and wishes, which usually end in gaining more exposure and attention, further increasing the idea of this type of "love" being completely made up.

Lastly, Rousseau thinks that, in order to erase this idea of artifical embrace and capitalize more on our self-preservated natural side, we would have to restructure society as a whole - We would have to repurpose society in a way where it promotes ideas of equality, support, and harmony.